DNase I-Sensitive Ultrastructural Probes of Active DNA Sites within Human Intact Cells.
DNA sites active for gene transcription are sensitive to DNase I digestion. Ultrastructural probes have been developed to locate these active DNA sites within human intact cells. These sites can be visualized by electron microscopy with high resolution, and can measured, counted and analyzed during cell growth, cell differentiation, cell division, and cell transformation. They are especially useful in analyzing human neoplasms and their surrounding immune lymphocytes.
DNase I References:
1. Crawford GE, Holt IE, Mulliken JC, Tai D, Blakesly R, Bouffard G, Young A, Masiellot C, Green ED, Wolfsberg TG, and Collins FS, "Identifying gene regulatory elements by genome-wide recovery of DNase hypersensitive sites", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 992-997 (January 27, 2004).
2. Crawford GE, Davis S, Scacheri PC, Renaud G, Halawi MJ, Erdos
MR, Green R, Meltzer PS, Wolfsberg TG, and Collins FS,
"DNase-chip:
a high-resolution method to identify DNase I hypersensitive sites using
tiled microarrays".
3. Crawford GE, Holt IE, Whittle J, Webb BD, Tai D, Davis S, Margulies EH, Chen YD, Bernat JA, Ginsburg D, Zhou D, Luo S, Vasicek TJ, Daly MJ, Wolfsberg TG, and Collins FS, "Genome-wide mapping of DNase hypersensitive sites using massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS)".
4. Frenster JH, and Hovsepian JA, "DNase-I Ultrastructural Probe Sites and Kissing Chromosomes".
Additional References on DNase I-Sensitive Ultrastructural Probes within Human Intact Cells:
1. Frenster JH, "Electron Microscope Localization of Acridine Orange Binding within Nuclei of Human Leukemic Bone Marrow Cells", J. Cell Biol. vol. 43, p. 39A (1969).
2. Frenster JH, "Electron Microscopic Localization of Acridine Orange Binding to DNA within Human Leukemic Bone Marrow Cells", Cancer Research, Vol. 31, 1128-1133 (August, 1971).
3. Frenster JH, "Ultrastructural Probes of Chromatin within Living Human Lymphocytes".
4. Ahearn MJ, and Trujillo JM, "Cytogenetic and Ultrastructural Evidence of Altered DNA Metabolism in Leukemic Cells", Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Research 13: 108 (March, 1972).
5. Nakatsu SL, Masek MA, and Frenster JH, "Activity of DNA Templates During Cell Division and Cell Differentiation".
6. Frenster JH, Nakatsu SL, and Masek MA, "Ultrastructural Probes of DNA Templates within Human Bone Marrow and Lymph Node Cells".
7. Frenster JH, Landrum SR, Masek MA, and Wilson LS, "Nuclear Maturation Within Neoplastic Cells In-Vivo".
8. Lehmann R, and Slavkin HC, "Localization of transcriptively active cells during odontogenesis using acridine orange ultrastructural cytochemistry", Dev. Biol. vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 438-456 (April, 1976).
9. Weintraub H, and Groudine M, "Chromosomal subunits in active genes have an altered conformation", Science vol. 194, no. 4256, pp. 848-856 (September 3, 1976).
10. Frenster JH, "Selective Control of DNA Helix Openings during Gene Regulation", Cancer Research, vol. 36, pp. 3394-3398 (September, 1976).
11. Kumakiri M, and Hashimoto K, "Acridine Orange-DNA Complex in Actinic Keratosis", J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 59: 839-844 (September, 1977).
12. Frenster JH, Landrum SR, Masek MA, Nakatsu SL, and Wilson LS, "Comparison of DNA Helix Openings During In-Vivo Mitosis of Normal and Neoplastic Human Cells".
13. Frenster JA, Papalian MM, Masek MA, and Frenster JH, "Persistent Euchromatin after DNA Template Inactivation".
14. Frenster JH, Landrum SR, Masek MA, and Nakatsu SL, "DNA Targets for Carcinogens within Living Human Bone Marrow Cells".
15. Frenster JH, Papalian MM, Masek MA, and Frenster JA, "Asymmetry of Intra-Nuclear Function during Immune Lymphocyte Activation".
16. Frenster JH, Papalian MM, Masek MA, and Frenster JA, "Electron Microscopic Analysis of Lymph Node Cellular Activity in Hodgkin's Disease".
17. Frenster JH, "Single-Cell Analysis of DNase I-Sensitive Sites During Neoplastic Cell Differentiation within Hodgkin's Disease Lymph Nodes".
18. Frenster JH, "Single-Cell Analysis of DNase I-Sensitive Sites during Neoplastic and Normal Cell Differentiation within Human Bone Marrow".
19. Frenster JH, "Oncogenes as Molecular Targets within Active Chromatin".
20. Frenster JH, "Uni-Polar Clustering of Lymphocyte DNA Templates Toward Neoplastic Target Cells Within Hodgkin's Disease Lymph Nodes".
21. Crawford GE, Holt IE, Mulliken JC, Tai D, Blakesly R, Bouffard G, Young A, Masiellot C, Green ED, Wolfsberg TG, and Collins FS, "Identifying gene regulatory elements by genome-wide recovery of DNase hypersensitive sites", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 992-997 (January 27, 2004).
22. Sabo PJ, Humbert R, Hawrylycz M, Wallace JC, Dorschner MO, McArthur
M, and Stamatoyannopoulos JA, "Genome-wide
identification of DNase-I hypersensitive sites using active chromatin sequence
libraries".
Further Topics in: Euchromatin, active DNA, and RNA ribo-regulators:
Reviews and Research:
Links to
Euchromatin Activator RNA Reviews:
Links to
Euchromatin Activator RNA Research:
Links to
RNA as a Therapeutic Agent:
Links to Hodgkin Lymphoma
Immuno-Pathology:
Links to Activated
T-Lymphocyte Immunotherapy:
Links to Medical
Systems Biology:
"Ultrastructural Probes of Active DNA Sites, and the RNA Activators of DNA".
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E-mail: frenster@euchromatin.net